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Latest Cases & Developments
Date:
Misenheimer v. Univ. of S.C. (D. S.C. Sep. 13, 2023)
Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendants’ Motions for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff is a graduate of the School of Visual Arts and Design (SVAD) at the University of South Carolina, who then became a SVAD technician and adjunct instructor. She brought multiple claims against the University and a tenured colleague, who had also been her instructor, alleging that he created a hostile environment and retaliated against her after she complained about his behavior. In adopting the Report and Recommendation of the U.S. Magistrate Judge on the University’s motion for summary judgment, the court permitted plaintiff to proceed on her Title VII hostile work environment and retaliation claims, finding that evidence of plaintiff’s reports of harassing and retaliatory behavior by the colleague were sufficient to raise fact questions of a hostile environment and constructive discharge. The court also permitted her to proceed on her negligent supervision and retention and her contract claims with respect to the University’s enforcement of its policies. Her Title IX claims, however, were time-barred. In departing from a second Report and Recommendation on the colleague’s motion for summary judgment, the court permitted plaintiff to proceed on her tortious interference with a contract claim, finding sufficient evidence in the record suggesting that but for his behavior her contractual relationship with the University would have continued.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Locke v. N.C. State Univ. (E.D. N.C. Sep. 11, 2023)
Order granting the University’s Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiff, a former soccer player at North Carolina State University, brought Title IX claims against the University, alleging that between 2015 and 2017 the team trainer, who was also the University’s director of sports medicine, abused him sexually, including by directing him to shower in front of him and touching him inappropriately under the guise of performing a sports massage. After plaintiff reported the abuse to law enforcement in 2021, a Title IX investigation found that in early 2016 the head soccer coach notified the senior associate athletic director that he suspected the trainer was engaged in sexual grooming of male student-athletes. The trainer was moved to more administrative duties but remained with the University. In related cases, plaintiffs John Doe and John Doe 2 also made similar claims. In dismissing plaintiffs’ Title IX claims, the court held the report of suspected sexual grooming was insufficient to allege that an official with the authority to take corrective measures had actual notice of the abuse.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Student Athlete Issues | StudentsDate:
Maese-Thomason v. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ. (D. Ariz. Sep. 8, 2023)
Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendant’s Motion for Partial Summary Judgment. After plaintiff, a former women’s softball coach at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, complained of discrimination by a supervisor, the University placed her on a Performance Improvement Plan and opened a Title IX investigation into allegations she intimidated student-athletes. When notified of the investigation, she disclosed a PTSD diagnosis to the investigator and requested her counselor support her during the interview. She then requested medical leave but asserted it would be better for her health if the investigation moved forward. When she was terminated at the end of her leave, she brought sex and disability discrimination and retaliation claims against the University. The court granted summary judgment to the University on her failure to accommodate claim, finding she had not objected when the University permitted her counselor to attend the interview but denied her request to hold the interview in the counselor’s office. It denied summary judgment on her ADA disparate treatment claim, noting that the University had cited her inability to coach while on leave as a reason for her termination. In addition to permitting plaintiff to proceed on her discrimination and retaliation claims regarding the investigation itself, it also permitted her to proceed (1) on her Title VII retaliation claim regarding the University’s decision to “pause” the investigation after her attorney challenged the process, and (2) on her ADA retaliation claim related to the investigator’s suggestion that her PTSD diagnosis might be disclosed in the investigative report.
Topics:
Disability Discrimination | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Dikambi v. City Univ. of N.Y. (S.D. N.Y. Sep. 5, 2023)
Opinion & Order granting the University’s Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, an employee of John Jay College of the City University of New York (CUNY), brought discrimination claims against CUNY and a former supervisor, alleging that the former supervisor made multiple unwanted sexual advances, subjected her to verbal outbursts, and subjected her to vulgar and insulting comments about her appearance and related to her African heritage. After previously dismissing many of plaintiff’s claims, the court granted CUNY’s motion for summary judgment on her discrimination claims, finding, first, that CUNY could not be held vicariously liable for the former supervisor’s actions because he never had the power to do more than recommend discipline. It further held that plaintiff’s claim that CUNY took insufficient remedial action to address his conduct also failed because the record showed that CUNY responded promptly and proportionately to each of plaintiff’s complaints. The court permitted her state-law claims against the professor to proceed, finding multiple questions of fact regarding his conduct.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Sagers v. Arizona State Univ. (D. Ariz. Aug. 14, 2023)
Order granting Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff is a tenured professor and former vice president of research at Arizona State University who was hired in the administrative role to increase research funding. She brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University and her former supervisor after her administrative contract was not renewed due to a downturn in funding proposals and complaints that she had a negative management style. Plaintiff alleged that she raised concerns that her supervisor created a culture of fear and intimidation among female employees and engaged in gender discrimination. Plaintiff’s discrimination claims failed because (1) vague assertions that her supervisor also had complaints about his management style that did not result in his demotion did not establish him as an adequate comparator, and (2) criticisms of the performance metrics the University used in evaluating her development of funding proposals did not show that the use of those metrics was pretextual. Finally, the court rejected her retaliation claim since it found that while her opposition to alleged gender discrimination was protected activity, she failed to identify evidence that her supervisor was aware of that activity.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Doe 1, et al. v. The Univ. of S.F., et al. (N.D. Cal. Aug. 2, 2023)
Order granting-in-part Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiffs, 14 former baseball players at the University of San Francisco, on behalf of themselves and a putative class, brought discrimination, retaliation, and contract claims against the University and two former coaches, alleging that the coaches created a sexualized and abusive environment and that the University permitted the behavior to persist. Does 1-3 played on the team beginning in 2020, and Does 4-14 played between 1999 and 2018. The court permitted all plaintiffs to proceed in their Title IX and state-law discrimination claims. The court found that Does 4-14 had sufficiently alleged a University coverup that was a cause of their Title IX injury and held that whether the alleged coverup tolled the statute of limitations under the discovery rule is better addressed at the summary judgment phase. The court also permitted Does 1-3 to proceed on their retaliation claims, but it dismissed the retaliation claims of Does 4-14 as time barred, noting that the alleged retaliatory conduct was overt and experienced as abuse at the time. The court dismissed plaintiffs’ contract claims because they attached the wrong document to their complaint. It also dismissed plaintiffs’ claim based on the agreement between the University and the NCAA requiring the University to abide by the NCAA Division Manual, finding that even though student-athletes benefit from NCAA principles, the principles fall short of expressing a clear intent to establish the student-athletes as third-party beneficiaries.
Topics:
Athletics & Sports | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex DiscriminationDate:
EEOC NPRM on Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (Aug. 11, 2023)
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to implement the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA). The NPRM contains an overview of the PWFA, the proposed implementing regulations, and an appendix with interpretive guidance that will become a part of the Code of Federal Regulations when the rule is finalized. The EEOC has also established a website, called What You Should Know About the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act, with information and resources in FAQ format. Comments are due on or before October 10, 2023.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Pregnancy Discrimination | Sex DiscriminationDate:
Goulet v. The Univ. of Miss. (N.D. Miss. July 24, 2023)
Memorandum Opinion granting Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a tenured full professor in the Biology Department at the University of Mississippi, brought discrimination and Equal Pay Act claims against the University alleging that other faculty members were given “higher raises for less merit.” In granting summary judgment to the University, the court held that plaintiff failed to identify a proper comparator within her department, noting that (1) plaintiff has the highest salary of any member of her department other than the department chair, (2) plaintiff had received a merit raise every year in which merit raises were available in the department, (3) three comparators who received a higher percentage merit raise than plaintiff were still paid less overall, and (4) four now-retired comparators within plaintiff’s department who were paid more had more years of service than plaintiff.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Williams v. Ala. State Univ. (M.D. Ala. July 19, 2023)
Memorandum Opinion and Order granting Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a former Athletic Director at Alabama State University, brought Equal Pay Act and Title IX claims against the University after she left the University, and her successor was hired at a higher starting salary. Plaintiff had a master’s degree and two years of athletics administrative experience when she was hired, and her successor had a Ph.D. and ten years of experience as an Athletic Director. Plaintiff’s EPA claim failed because she was unable to show that the University’s explanation that they hoped to attract a “true executive” as her replacement was pretextual. Turning to her Title IX claim and applying Title VII’s framework, the court similarly held that plaintiff was unable to show that the higher degree and greater relevant experience were pretext for a discriminatory motive.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Kraft v. Tex. A&M Univ. (S.D. Tex. July 17, 2023)
Opinion and Order granting Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a former employee of the Transportation Services Department at Texas A&M University, brought a hostile work environment claim against the University and a former training supervisor after the training supervisor was terminated for surreptitiously placing a hidden camera in a women’s restroom. Plaintiff also alleged that the former training supervisor had made sexualized comments and stared at her inappropriately. In granting summary judgment in favor of the University, the court noted that plaintiff failed to establish (1) that the training supervisor had authority over her after her training period concluded or (2) that the University knew or should have known either of the camera or the alleged inappropriate behavior.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in Employment
NACUA Annual Conference
Join us in the Music City June 29 – July 2 to connect, learn, and lead alongside higher education attorneys shaping policy, practice, and impact nationwide together.