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Latest Cases & Developments
Date:
Doe v. St. Lawrence Univ. (N.D. N.Y. Mar. 14, 2024)
Memorandum-Decision and Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiff, a tenure-track assistant professor at St. Lawrence University, brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University, alleging that the director of another program, with whom she was assigned to design a community-based learning experience, drugged and raped her, that the University had received information through social media and from an investigator at another university that her alleged assailant had been accused of sexual misconduct at two prior jobs, and that when she reported the assault the University launched a “sham” investigation before eventually hiring outside counsel to investigate. In permitting her hostile work environment claim to proceed, the court found plaintiff’s assertions that the University permitted her alleged assailant to continue to work on campus for over two months before placing him on administrative leave and that it did not issue findings regarding her report were sufficient to allege an inadequate effort to remedy the harassment. The court permitted her to proceed in her pre-assault and post-assault deliberate indifference claims, finding sufficient allegations that the University responded inadequately to (1) specific knowledge of alleged prior misconduct, and (2) plaintiff’s own report, providing insufficient supportive measures and an inadequate investigation. The court dismissed the plaintiff’s retaliation claims, finding her assertion of a “sham” investigation was insufficient to allege an adverse action absent allegations that it had any impact upon her employment status.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Erikson v. Xavier Univ. (S.D. Ohio Mar. 18, 2024)
Order denying Defendants’ Motions to Dismiss. Plaintiff, a former tenured Associate Professor of Art at Xavier University, brought (1) gender discrimination claims against the University after it terminated him for alleged sexual misconduct and (2) defamation claims against his complainant. The alleged assault took place at plaintiff’s off-campus home, the complainant was an alumna of the University who had no other connection with the University at the time, and she filed her complaint outside of the two-year statute of limitations in the University’s Harassment Code and Accountability Procedures (HCAP). In permitting his Title VII discrimination claim to proceed, the court found plaintiff had sufficiently alleged that members of his hearing panel (1) expressed moral disapproval of him as a male for having intercourse without a condom and (2) attributed an imbalance of power in the encounter based on plaintiff’s position at the University, as well as his societal status as a male. Turning to his Title IX claim, the court found plaintiff sufficiently alleged that the University erroneously terminated him under the HCAP for conduct beyond the policy’s scope and that the alleged comments about plaintiff’s status as a male were sufficient to connect procedural irregularities to potential gender bias. In permitting his defamation claim against the complainant to proceed, the court found plaintiff sufficiently alleged that her statements were made with actual malice to overcome a defense of qualified privilege.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in Employment | Tort LitigationDate:
Griswold v. Drexel Univ. (E.D. Pa. Mar. 1, 2024)
Memorandum Opinion granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendants’ Motion for Partial Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a former associate professor at Drexel University College of Medicine who provided clinical instruction and care at the now-closed Hahnemann University Hospital (60%) and was the Director of a graduate program in medical and healthcare simulation (40%), brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University after her position was eliminated following closure of the hospital. Plaintiff was placed on administrative leave and barred from campus while the Public Safety Department investigated an incident that occurred a month after she filed complaints of gender discrimination, with the result that she was unable to secure another faculty role as required for her to retain her program director position. In granting summary judgment in favor of the University on her discriminatory termination claim, the court found plaintiff’s proposed comparators with dual roles who were permitted to stay were not similarly situated because one position was a deanship and the other was funded contractually by a different hospital. The court permitted plaintiff’s retaliation claim to proceed, noting that her ban from campus, which contributed to her discharge, was in close temporal proximity to her protected activity. The court also permitted her hostile environment claim to proceed, finding the survival of her retaliation claim sufficient to raise a question about intentional discrimination. Plaintiff’s claims regarding other alleged adverse employment actions were not at issue in the instant motion.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Fedder v. Bloomsburg Univ. of Pa. (M.D. Pa. Feb. 13, 2024)
Memorandum Opinion denying Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiff, a former employee in the mailroom at Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania who had worked at the University for over 20 years, brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University and the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education alleging that her supervisor engaged in a pattern of sexually suggestive and intimidating behavior, that after she twice complained to Human Resources and the Title IX Coordinator she faced increased harassment and was reprimanded, and that she was told she would be terminated if she did not improve the situation with him, which she asserted was constructive discharge. In permitting her discrimination claim to proceed, the court found plaintiff had plausibly alleged both a hostile work environment and circumstances suggesting she would not have been constructively discharged had she been a man. The court also permitted her retaliation claim to proceed, finding the close temporal proximity between her complaints and her only workplace discipline at the University sufficient to allege causation.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Doe v. Butler Univ. (S.D. Ind. Jan. 22, 2024)
Order denying Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiffs, four female student-athletes at Butler University in cases now consolidated, sued the University, its athletics director, and an athletic trainer, alleging that the trainer sexually abused them. In denying the University’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction under Indiana’s Medical Malpractice Act – which requires review by an administrative medical review panel – the court ruled that the state law could not alter federal jurisdiction and that the Act was irrelevant since allegations of sexual abuse are not properly cognized as assertions of inadequate medical care. The court also permitted plaintiffs’ negligent supervision claim to proceed against the athletics director, finding that under Indiana law a supervisor may also be liable for negligent supervision.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration | Sex Discrimination | Tort LitigationDate:
Simons v. Yale Univ. (D. Conn. Jan. 17, 2024)
Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a tenured professor of medicine at Yale University, brought gender discrimination and contract claims against the University and multiple officials after he was removed from his positions as section chief and center director in 2014 for sexual harassment and from his endowed professorship in 2018, allegedly in the wake of negative publicity related to the earlier harassment allegations. In denying summary judgment on plaintiff’s gender discrimination claim, the court found, first, that plaintiff raised genuine issues as to whether removal from a named chair without a reduction in salary was an adverse action; and whether allegedly removing him from the chair without additional process so long after its first sanction, allegedly to avoid renewed negative publicity, demonstrated discriminatory animus. The court also found that the latter questions were sufficient to raise a question of pretext about the University’s asserted concern to respond adequately to negative sentiment within its medical school community. The court granted summary judgment in favor of the University on his contract claim, finding that although his position as professor was tenured, his endowed chair and positions as chief and director were at-will.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Reid v. James Madison Univ. (4th Cir. Jan. 9, 2024)
Opinion reversing dismissal and remanding for further proceedings. Plaintiff, a former speech instructor and debate team coach at James Madison University, brought Title IX discrimination and due process claims against the University and multiple officials after an investigation found her responsible for having a nonconsensual relationship with a student, alleging various procedural departures from the University’s Title IX policies and procedures. The district court granted summary judgment to the University, finding plaintiff’s claims time-barred because she sued more than two years after her Dean found her responsible for the violation. In reversing and remanding for further proceedings, the Fourth Circuit held for the first time that a Title IX employment discrimination claim becomes complete and present and, thus, that the claim accrues when the University makes clear that a determination of a policy violation is its official position. It then found that information accompanying the Dean’s determination letter also provided her with a deadline for filing an appeal with the Provost and that the University did not otherwise make clear that the Dean’s decision was its official position. Accordingly, it held that plaintiff’s claim accrued only when the Provost upheld the determination of responsibility.
Topics:
Constitutional Issues | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Due Process | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex DiscriminationDate:
Daywalker v. UTMB at Galveston (5th Cir. Jan. 9, 2024)
Opinion affirming summary judgment in favor of the Defendant. Plaintiff, a former resident at the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), brought sex and race discrimination claims and an FMLA retaliation claim against UTMB after she was placed on a remediation program for “lapses in professional behavior” in clinical documentation and timeliness and told she would need to repeat her third year when she returned from a four-month FMLA leave of absence. In affirming summary judgment in favor of UTMB on her failure-to-promote claim, the Fifth Circuit found that (1) plaintiff’s one asserted comparator had no issues with accuracy or timeliness and was not similarly situated and (2) she was unable to overcome the documented concerns of numerous faculty members to establish pretext. It further held that the “handful” of offensive statements, which she alleged were made “over the span of a few years” were insufficient to raise a question of hostile work environment or constructive discharge. In affirming summary judgment on her FMLA retaliation claim, the court found that she was unable to establish causation because the decision that she should repeat her third year was taken between when she requested a “leave of absence” and when her counsel requested that leave be converted to protected FMLA leave. The court also held that the magistrate judge did not err during discovery in ordering the redaction of identifying information from potential comparator evidence because medical residents are also students for the purposes of FERPA.
Topics:
Disability Discrimination | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) | Privacy & Transparency | Race and National Origin Discrimination | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Johnson v. Bd. of Supervisors of La. State Univ. & Agric. & Mech. Coll. (5th Cir. Jan. 8, 2024)
Opinion affirming summary judgment in favor of the University. Plaintiff, a former administrative coordinator in the Division of Animal Care at Louisiana State University, brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University, alleging that (1) one of the University’s veterinarians made various inappropriate comments leading up to an incident in which he slapped her on the buttocks and (2) the University retaliated against her after she reported this harassment by temporarily assigning her to office in a storage room. In affirming summary judgment in favor of the University with respect to the incident itself, the Fifth Circuit found that the University took prompt remedial action by separating the two, directing the veterinarian to have no contact with plaintiff, and opening an investigation eleven days later. The court also affirmed the finding that there was insufficient evidence the University had notice of on-going harassing behavior to sustain pre-incident harassment claims, noting that (1) when an intern reported feeling uncomfortable as a result of the veterinarian’s questions, the behavior stopped once the University moved the intern to a new location and (2) a faculty member who was aware of the veterinarian’s inappropriate comments was not plaintiff’s supervisor and did not have disciplinary authority over the veterinarian. Finally, the court affirmed dismissal of the retaliation claim, absent evidence that pretext animated the University’s decision to separate plaintiff from the veterinarian by relocating her office to the storage room.
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Race and National Origin Discrimination | Retaliation | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in EmploymentDate:
Perkins v. New Eng. Coll. (D. Vt. Jan. 3, 2024)
Opinion and Order granting Defendants’ Motion to Stay. Plaintiff, a former Chancellor of New England College who was also a member of its Board of Trustees, brought sex discrimination and intentional infliction of emotional distress claims against the College and its President after it terminated her employment the day after her Employment Agreement expired and removed her from its Board prior the end of her three-year term. Defendants moved to stay and to compel arbitration pursuant to the Employment Agreement. In granting the stay and compelling arbitration on plaintiff’s discrimination and IIED claims, the court held that even though her termination took place after the Employment Agreement’s expiration, the facts giving rise to her claims occurred within its duration. Turning to her claims related to her removal from the Board, the court held that although her Board appointment was not governed by the Employment Agreement “the interests of economy for both the Court and the parties will be served by a complete stay.”
Topics:
Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Governance | Governing Boards & Administrators | Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in Employment
NACUA Annual Conference
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