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  • Date:

    Update: U.S. Dep’t of Education Final Rule on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance (Apr. 29, 2024)

    U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (OCR) Final Rule on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance. Among other purposes, the Department issued these regulations “to provide greater clarity regarding the definition of ‘sex-based harassment;’ the scope of sex discrimination, including recipients’ obligations not to discriminate based on sex stereotypes, sex characteristics, pregnancy or related conditions, sexual orientation, and gender identity; and recipients’ obligations to provide an educational environment free from discrimination on the basis of sex.” The Department also issued a Fact Sheet, Summary of Major Provisions, and Resource for Drafting Nondiscrimination Policies, Notices of Nondiscrimination, and Grievance Procedures. The Final Rule becomes effective August 1, 2024. Update: The U.S. Department of Education published the final regulations in the Federal Register on April 29, 2024.  

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Students | Title IX & Student Sexual Misconduct

  • Date:

    U.S. Dep’t of Education Final Rule on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance (Apr. 19, 2024)

    U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights (OCR) Final Rule on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance. Among other purposes, the Department issued these regulations “to provide greater clarity regarding the definition of ‘sex-based harassment;’ the scope of sex discrimination, including recipients’ obligations not to discriminate based on sex stereotypes, sex characteristics, pregnancy or related conditions, sexual orientation, and gender identity; and recipients’ obligations to provide an educational environment free from discrimination on the basis of sex.” The Department also issued a Fact Sheet, Summary of Major Provisions, and Resource for Drafting Nondiscrimination Policies, Notices of Nondiscrimination, and Grievance Procedures. The Final Rule is scheduled for publication in the Federal Register on April 29, 2024, and becomes effective August 1, 2024.  

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Students | Title IX & Student Sexual Misconduct

  • Date:

    Thomas v. Weber State Univ. (D. Utah Mar. 29, 2024)

    Order and Memorandum Decision granting Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff earned her undergraduate degree at Weber State University, worked for a University center for two years, and then completed a master’s degree at the University. She brought Title IX deliberate indifference claims against the University, alleging that she was sexually abused on various occasions while she was a private therapy patient of a psychology professor (the Therapist) at the University who was also twice her course instructor. A University Title IX investigation found that the Therapist more likely than not engaged in behavior that was unwelcome and presented a clear conflict of interest. In granting summary judgment in favor of the University, the court rejected two theories of liability. First, it found that neither (1) a complaint that the Therapist graded a female student unfairly, nor (2) a complaint of abuse of a male patient in another state, which was filed 15 years after the fact and which the University’s Strategic Threat Assessment and Response (STAR) team found not credible, nor (3) an incident in which the director of the counseling center advised the Therapist not to touch patients during breathing exercises was sufficient to put the University on notice of a substantial risk of abuse. Second, it found that neither (1) an adjunct professor, who never supervised the Therapist, nor (2) the director of the counseling center, who was a member of the STAR team but who lacked disciplinary authority over the Therapist, was an “appropriate person” whose individual knowledge could impute institutional Title IX liability upon the University.  

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination

  • Date:

    Update: DOJ Letter to Univ. of Md. Balt. Re: Title IX Investigation (Apr. 3, 2024)

    Letter from the Department of Justice to the University of Maryland, Baltimore County re: Title IX Investigation. The Letter details the findings of the Department’s investigation into allegations that the University responded inadequately to notice that the head coach of its Swimming and Diving Team subjected student-athletes to a hostile environment, unwanted touching, and other sexual harassment. The Letter also notes the University’s commitment through a comprehensive Settlement Agreement, which is subject to a state-mandated approval process, to enhance its Title IX Office, provide targeted training and support to student-athletes, and provide financial relief to certain student-athletes. Update: On April 3, 2024, the Department and the University entered a Settlement Agreement detailing new policy and compliance requirements and providing that the University will pay up to $4,140,000 in financial relief to impacted student-athletes.  

    Topics:

    Athletics & Sports | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination

  • Date:

    Locke v. N.C. State Univ. (E.D. N.C. Mar. 25, 2024)

    Order certifying interlocutory appeal. Plaintiff, a former soccer player at North Carolina State University, brought Title IX claims against the University, alleging that between 2015 and 2017 the team trainer, who was also the University’s director of sports medicine, abused him sexually, including by directing him to shower in front of him and by touching him inappropriately under the guise of performing a sports massage. A Title IX investigation found that in early 2016 the head soccer coach notified the senior associate athletic director that he suspected the trainer was engaged in sexual grooming of male student-athletes, at which point the trainer was moved to more administrative duties. The court dismissed plaintiff’s claim, holding that “an allegation of grooming behavior, without more, does not constitute actual notice of ‘an incident of sexual harassment’ as required to hold an educational institution liable under Title IX.” In certifying the question to the Fourth Circuit, the court noted that “the question of whether ‘grooming’ is sexual harassment for Title IX purposes is a question of first impression in this circuit.” 

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Student Athlete Issues | Students

  • Date:

    Doe v. St. Lawrence Univ. (N.D. N.Y. Mar. 14, 2024)

    Memorandum-Decision and Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiff, a tenure-track assistant professor at St. Lawrence University, brought discrimination and retaliation claims against the University, alleging that the director of another program, with whom she was assigned to design a community-based learning experience, drugged and raped her, that the University had received information through social media and from an investigator at another university that her alleged assailant had been accused of sexual misconduct at two prior jobs, and that when she reported the assault the University launched a “sham” investigation before eventually hiring outside counsel to investigate. In permitting her hostile work environment claim to proceed, the court found plaintiff’s assertions that the University permitted her alleged assailant to continue to work on campus for over two months before placing him on administrative leave and that it did not issue findings regarding her report were sufficient to allege an inadequate effort to remedy the harassment. The court permitted her to proceed in her pre-assault and post-assault deliberate indifference claims, finding sufficient allegations that the University responded inadequately to (1) specific knowledge of alleged prior misconduct, and (2) plaintiff’s own report, providing insufficient supportive measures and an inadequate investigation. The court dismissed the plaintiff’s retaliation claims, finding her assertion of a “sham” investigation was insufficient to allege an adverse action absent allegations that it had any impact upon her employment status.   

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in Employment

  • Date:

    DOJ Letter to Univ. of Md. Balt. re: Title IX Investigation (Mar. 18, 2024)

    Letter from the Department of Justice to the University of Maryland, Baltimore County re: Title IX Investigation. The Letter details the findings of the Department’s investigation into allegations that the University responded inadequately to notice that the head coach of its Swimming and Diving Team subjected student-athletes to a hostile environment, unwanted touching, and other sexual harassment. The Letter also notes the University’s commitment through a comprehensive Settlement Agreement, which is subject to a state-mandated approval process, to enhance its Title IX Office, provide targeted training and support to student-athletes, and provide financial relief to certain student-athletes.   

    Topics:

    Athletics & Sports | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination

  • Date:

    Doe v. Butler Univ. (S.D. Ind. Jan. 22, 2024)

    Order denying Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss. Plaintiffs, four female student-athletes at Butler University in cases now consolidated, sued the University, its athletics director, and an athletic trainer, alleging that the trainer sexually abused them. In denying the University’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction under Indiana’s Medical Malpractice Act – which requires review by an administrative medical review panel – the court ruled that the state law could not alter federal jurisdiction and that the Act was irrelevant since allegations of sexual abuse are not properly cognized as assertions of inadequate medical care. The court also permitted plaintiffs’ negligent supervision claim to proceed against the athletics director, finding that under Indiana law a supervisor may also be liable for negligent supervision.   

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration | Sex Discrimination | Tort Litigation

  • Date:

    Simons v. Yale Univ. (D. Conn. Jan. 17, 2024)

    Order granting-in-part and denying-in-part Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment. Plaintiff, a tenured professor of medicine at Yale University, brought gender discrimination and contract claims against the University and multiple officials after he was removed from his positions as section chief and center director in 2014 for sexual harassment and from his endowed professorship in 2018, allegedly in the wake of negative publicity related to the earlier harassment allegations. In denying summary judgment on plaintiff’s gender discrimination claim, the court found, first, that plaintiff raised genuine issues as to whether removal from a named chair without a reduction in salary was an adverse action; and whether allegedly removing him from the chair without additional process so long after its first sanction, allegedly to avoid renewed negative publicity, demonstrated discriminatory animus. The court also found that the latter questions were sufficient to raise a question of pretext about the University’s asserted concern to respond adequately to negative sentiment within its medical school community. The court granted summary judgment in favor of the University on his contract claim, finding that although his position as professor was tenured, his endowed chair and positions as chief and director were at-will.   

    Topics:

    Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination | Sex Discrimination in Employment

  • Date:

    Reid v. James Madison Univ. (4th Cir. Jan. 9, 2024)

    Opinion reversing dismissal and remanding for further proceedings. Plaintiff, a former speech instructor and debate team coach at James Madison University, brought Title IX discrimination and due process claims against the University and multiple officials after an investigation found her responsible for having a nonconsensual relationship with a student, alleging various procedural departures from the University’s Title IX policies and procedures. The district court granted summary judgment to the University, finding plaintiff’s claims time-barred because she sued more than two years after her Dean found her responsible for the violation. In reversing and remanding for further proceedings, the Fourth Circuit held for the first time that a Title IX employment discrimination claim becomes complete and present and, thus, that the claim accrues when the University makes clear that a determination of a policy violation is its official position. It then found that information accompanying the Dean’s determination letter also provided her with a deadline for filing an appeal with the Provost and that the University did not otherwise make clear that the Dean’s decision was its official position. Accordingly, it held that plaintiff’s claim accrued only when the Provost upheld the determination of responsibility.

    Topics:

    Constitutional Issues | Discrimination, Accommodation, & Diversity | Due Process | Employee Sexual Misconduct | Sex Discrimination